loner vs recluse

loner and recluse both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
loner	Yes	No	No	No
recluse	Yes	Yes	No	No

As nouns, recluse is a hyponym of loner; that is, recluse is a word with a more specific, narrower meaning than loner:

Other hyponyms of loner include hermit, solitary, solitudinarian, troglodyte.

loner (noun)	recluse (noun)
a person who avoids the company or assistance of others	one who lives in solitude

loner (adjective)	recluse (adjective)
	withdrawn from society; seeking solitude