macroglossia vs birth defect

macroglossia and birth defect both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
macroglossia	Yes	No	No	No
birth defect	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, birth defect is a hypernym of macroglossia; that is, birth defect is a word with a broader meaning than macroglossia:

macroglossia: a congenital disorder characterized by an abnormally large tongue; often seen in cases of Down's syndrome
birth defect: a defect that is present at birth

macroglossia (noun)	birth defect (noun)
a congenital disorder characterized by an abnormally large tongue; often seen in cases of Down's syndrome	a defect that is present at birth