mastering vs recording

mastering and recording both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
mastering	Yes	No	No	No
recording	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, recording is a hypernym of mastering; that is, recording is a word with a broader meaning than mastering:

mastering: the act of making a master recording from which copies can be made
recording: the act of making a record (especially an audio record)

Other hypernyms of mastering include transcription.

mastering (noun)	recording (noun)
the act of making a master recording from which copies can be made	the act of making a record (especially an audio record)
becoming proficient in the use of something; having mastery of	a signal that encodes something (e.g., picture or sound) that has been recorded
	a storage device on which information (sounds or images) have been recorded