mineral deficiency vs lack

mineral deficiency and lack both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
mineral deficiency	Yes	No	No	No
lack	Yes	No	Yes	No

As nouns, lack is a hypernym of mineral deficiency; that is, lack is a word with a broader meaning than mineral deficiency:

mineral deficiency: lack of a mineral micronutrient that is essential for normal nutrition or metabolism
lack: the state of needing something that is absent or unavailable

Other hypernyms of mineral deficiency include deficiency, want.

mineral deficiency (noun)	lack (noun)
lack of a mineral micronutrient that is essential for normal nutrition or metabolism	the state of needing something that is absent or unavailable

mineral deficiency (verb)	lack (verb)
	be without
	To be insufficiently prepared