mother superior vs woman

mother superior and woman both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
mother superior	Yes	No	No	No
woman	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, woman is a hypernym of mother superior; that is, woman is a word with a broader meaning than mother superior:

Other hypernyms of mother superior include superior, adult female.

mother superior (noun)	woman (noun)
the superior of a group of nuns	women as a class
	an adult female person (as opposed to a man)
	a female person who plays a significant role (wife or mistress or girlfriend) in the life of a particular man