neighbor vs abut

neighbor is a noun but abut is not a noun.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
neighbor	Yes	No	Yes	No
abut	No	No	Yes	No

As verbs, abut is a hypernym of neighbor; that is, abut is a word with a broader meaning than neighbor:

Other hypernyms of neighbor include adjoin, border, butt, butt against, butt on, edge, march.

neighbor (noun)	abut (noun)
a nearby object of the same kind
a person who lives (or is located) near another

neighbor (verb)	abut (verb)
be located near or adjacent to	lie adjacent to another or share a boundary
live or be located as a neighbor