painter vs artist

painter and artist both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
painter	Yes	No	No	No
artist	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, artist is a hypernym of painter; that is, artist is a word with a broader meaning than painter:

Other hypernyms of painter include creative person.

painter (noun)	artist (noun)
large American feline resembling a lion	a person whose creative work shows sensitivity and imagination
a line that is attached to the bow of a boat and used for tying up (as when docking or towing)
an artist who paints
a worker who is employed to cover objects with paint