painting vs tanka

painting and tanka both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
painting	Yes	No	No	No
tanka	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, tanka is a hyponym of painting; that is, tanka is a word with a more specific, narrower meaning than painting:

painting: graphic art consisting of an artistic composition made by applying paints to a surface
tanka: a Tibetan religious painting on fabric

painting (noun)	tanka (noun)
creating a picture with paints	a Tibetan religious painting on fabric
the occupation of a house painter	a form of Japanese poetry; the 1st and 3rd lines have five syllables and the 2nd, 4th, and 5th have seven syllables
the act of applying paint to a surface
graphic art consisting of an artistic composition made by applying paints to a surface