palaeontology vs earth science

palaeontology and earth science both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
palaeontology	Yes	No	No	No
earth science	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, earth science is a hypernym of palaeontology; that is, earth science is a word with a broader meaning than palaeontology:

palaeontology: the earth science that studies fossil organisms and related remains
earth science: any of the sciences that deal with the earth or its parts

palaeontology (noun)	earth science (noun)
the earth science that studies fossil organisms and related remains	any of the sciences that deal with the earth or its parts