patent medicine vs medication

patent medicine and medication both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
patent medicine	Yes	No	No	No
medication	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, medication is a hypernym of patent medicine; that is, medication is a word with a broader meaning than patent medicine:

patent medicine: medicine that is protected by a patent and available without a doctor's prescription
medication: (medicine) something that treats or prevents or alleviates the symptoms of disease

Other hypernyms of patent medicine include medicament, medicinal drug, medicine.

patent medicine (noun)	medication (noun)
medicine that is protected by a patent and available without a doctor's prescription	the act of treating with medicines or remedies
	(medicine) something that treats or prevents or alleviates the symptoms of disease