penologist vs social scientist

penologist and social scientist both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
penologist	Yes	No	No	No
social scientist	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, social scientist is a hypernym of penologist; that is, social scientist is a word with a broader meaning than penologist:

penologist: a person who studies the theory and practice of prison management
social scientist: someone expert in the study of human society and its personal relationships

penologist (noun)	social scientist (noun)
a person who studies the theory and practice of prison management	someone expert in the study of human society and its personal relationships