penury vs impoverishment

penury and impoverishment both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
penury	Yes	No	No	No
impoverishment	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, impoverishment is a hypernym of penury; that is, impoverishment is a word with a broader meaning than penury:

penury: a state of extreme poverty or destitution
impoverishment: the state of having little or no money and few or no material possessions

Other hypernyms of penury include poorness, poverty.

penury (noun)	impoverishment (noun)
a state of extreme poverty or destitution	the act of making someone poor
	the state of having little or no money and few or no material possessions