pes cavus vs malformation

pes cavus and malformation both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
pes cavus	Yes	No	No	No
malformation	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, malformation is a hypernym of pes cavus; that is, malformation is a word with a broader meaning than pes cavus:

pes cavus: a deformity of the foot characterized by an abnormally high arch and hyperextension of the toes which gives the foot the appearance of a claw
malformation: an affliction in which some part of the body is misshapen or malformed

Other hypernyms of pes cavus include deformity, misshapenness.

pes cavus (noun)	malformation (noun)
a deformity of the foot characterized by an abnormally high arch and hyperextension of the toes which gives the foot the appearance of a claw	something abnormal or anomalous
	an affliction in which some part of the body is misshapen or malformed