polemic vs disputation

polemic and disputation both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
polemic	Yes	Yes	No	No
disputation	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, disputation is a hypernym of polemic; that is, disputation is a word with a broader meaning than polemic:

polemic: a controversy (especially over a belief or dogma)
disputation: a contentious speech act; a dispute where there is strong disagreement

Other hypernyms of polemic include arguing, argument, contention, contestation, controversy, disceptation, tilt.

polemic (noun)	disputation (noun)
a controversy (especially over a belief or dogma)	the formal presentation of a stated proposition and the opposition to it (usually followed by a vote)
a writer who argues in opposition to others (especially in theology)	a contentious speech act; a dispute where there is strong disagreement

polemic (adjective)	disputation (adjective)
of or involving dispute or controversy