prevent vs shut

prevent is not an adjective while shut is an adjective.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
prevent	No	No	Yes	No
shut	No	Yes	Yes	No

As verbs, shut is a hyponym of prevent; that is, shut is a word with a more specific, narrower meaning than prevent:

prevent: stop (someone or something) from doing something or being in a certain state
shut: prevent from entering; shut out

prevent (adjective)	shut (adjective)
	not open
	used especially of mouth or eyes

prevent (verb)	shut (verb)
stop (someone or something) from doing something or being in a certain state	move so that an opening or passage is obstructed; make shut
keep from happening or arising; make impossible	become closed
	prevent from entering; shut out