professor vs faculty member

professor and faculty member both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
professor	Yes	No	No	No
faculty member	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, faculty member is a hypernym of professor; that is, faculty member is a word with a broader meaning than professor:

professor: someone who is a member of the faculty at a college or university
faculty member: an educator who works at a college or university

Other hypernyms of professor include academic, academician.

professor (noun)	faculty member (noun)
someone who is a member of the faculty at a college or university	an educator who works at a college or university