prominence vs caput

prominence and caput both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
prominence	Yes	No	No	No
caput	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, caput is a hyponym of prominence; that is, caput is a word with a more specific, narrower meaning than prominence:

prominence: something that bulges out or is protuberant or projects from its surroundings
caput: a headlike protuberance on an organ or structure

Other hyponyms of prominence include frontal eminence, occipital protuberance, belly, mogul, nub, nubble, snag, wart.

prominence (noun)	caput (noun)
relative importance or fame	the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains
something that bulges out or is protuberant or projects from its surroundings	a headlike protuberance on an organ or structure
the state of being prominent: widely known or eminent