protective garment vs clothing

protective garment and clothing both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
protective garment	Yes	No	No	No
clothing	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, clothing is a hypernym of protective garment; that is, clothing is a word with a broader meaning than protective garment:

protective garment: clothing that is intended to protect the wearer from injury
clothing: a covering designed to be worn on a person's body

Other hypernyms of protective garment include article of clothing, habiliment, vesture, wear, wearable.

protective garment (noun)	clothing (noun)
clothing that is intended to protect the wearer from injury	a covering designed to be worn on a person's body