quotient vs ratio

quotient and ratio both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
quotient	Yes	No	No	No
ratio	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, ratio is a hypernym of quotient; that is, ratio is a word with a broader meaning than quotient:

quotient: the ratio of two quantities to be divided
ratio: the relative magnitudes of two quantities (usually expressed as a quotient)

quotient (noun)	ratio (noun)
the number obtained by division	the relation between things (or parts of things) with respect to their comparative quantity, magnitude, or degree
the ratio of two quantities to be divided	the relative magnitudes of two quantities (usually expressed as a quotient)