ranch vs farm

ranch and farm both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
ranch	Yes	No	Yes	No
farm	Yes	No	Yes	No

As nouns, farm is a hypernym of ranch; that is, farm is a word with a broader meaning than ranch:

ranch: farm consisting of a large tract of land along with facilities needed to raise livestock (especially cattle)
farm: workplace consisting of farm buildings and cultivated land as a unit

As verbs, farm is a hypernym of ranch; that is, farm is a word with a broader meaning than ranch:

ranch (noun)	farm (noun)
farm consisting of a large tract of land along with facilities needed to raise livestock (especially cattle)	workplace consisting of farm buildings and cultivated land as a unit

ranch (verb)	farm (verb)
manage or run a ranch	cultivate by growing, often involving improvements by means of agricultural techniques
	collect fees or profits
	be a farmer; work as a farmer