reason vs deduce

reason is a noun but deduce is not a noun.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
reason	Yes	No	Yes	No
deduce	No	No	Yes	No

As verbs, deduce is a hyponym of reason; that is, deduce is a word with a more specific, narrower meaning than reason:

reason (noun)	deduce (noun)
the capacity for rational thought or inference or discrimination
a fact that logically justifies some premise or conclusion
a justification for something existing or happening
an explanation of the cause of some phenomenon
a rational motive for a belief or action
the state of having good sense and sound judgment

reason (verb)	deduce (verb)
think logically	reason by deduction; establish by deduction
decide by reasoning; draw or come to a conclusion	conclude by reasoning; in logic
present reasons and arguments