research vs probe

research and probe both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
research	Yes	No	Yes	No
probe	Yes	No	Yes	No

As nouns, probe is a hyponym of research; that is, probe is a word with a more specific, narrower meaning than research:

research: systematic investigation to establish facts
probe: an investigation conducted using a flexible surgical instrument to explore an injury or a body cavity

As nouns, probe is a hyponym of research; that is, probe is a word with a more specific, narrower meaning than research:

research (noun)	probe (noun)
systematic investigation to establish facts	an exploratory action or expedition
a search for knowledge	an investigation conducted using a flexible surgical instrument to explore an injury or a body cavity
	a flexible slender surgical instrument with a blunt end that is used to explore wounds or body cavities
	an inquiry into unfamiliar or questionable activities

research (verb)	probe (verb)
inquire into	question or examine thoroughly and closely
attempt to find out in a systematically and scientific manner	examine physically with or as if with a probe