rose vs dog rose

rose and dog rose both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
rose	Yes	Yes	No	No
dog rose	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, dog rose is a hyponym of rose; that is, dog rose is a word with a more specific, narrower meaning than rose:

rose: any of many shrubs of the genus Rosa that bear roses
dog rose: prickly wild rose with delicate pink or white scentless flowers; native to Europe

rose (noun)	dog rose (noun)
a dusty pink color	prickly wild rose with delicate pink or white scentless flowers; native to Europe
pinkish table wine from red grapes whose skins were removed after fermentation began
any of many shrubs of the genus Rosa that bear roses

rose (adjective)	dog rose (adjective)
of something having a dusty purplish pink color