sable vs marten

sable and marten both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
sable	Yes	Yes	No	No
marten	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, marten is a hypernym of sable; that is, marten is a word with a broader meaning than sable:

sable: marten of northern Asian forests having luxuriant dark brown fur
marten: agile slender-bodied arboreal mustelids somewhat larger than weasels

Other hypernyms of sable include marten cat.

sable (noun)	marten (noun)
marten of northern Asian forests having luxuriant dark brown fur	agile slender-bodied arboreal mustelids somewhat larger than weasels
a scarf (or trimming) made of sable
an artist's brush made of sable hairs
a very dark black
the expensive dark brown fur of the marten

sable (adjective)	marten (adjective)
of a dark somewhat brownish black