say vs instruct

say is a noun but instruct is not a noun.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
say	Yes	No	Yes	No
instruct	No	No	Yes	No

As verbs, instruct is a hyponym of say; that is, instruct is a word with a more specific, narrower meaning than say:

Other hyponyms of say include direct, command, require, call, send for, warn, prescribe.

say (noun)	instruct (noun)
the chance to speak

say (verb)	instruct (verb)
express in words	impart skills or knowledge to
report or maintain	give instructions or directions for some task
speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way	make aware of
express a supposition
give instructions to or direct somebody to do something with authority
communicate or express nonverbally
recite or repeat a fixed text
indicate
state as one's opinion or judgement; declare
utter aloud
have or contain a certain wording or form