schoolman vs scholarly person

schoolman and scholarly person both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
schoolman	Yes	No	No	No
scholarly person	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, scholarly person is a hypernym of schoolman; that is, scholarly person is a word with a broader meaning than schoolman:

schoolman: a scholar who is skilled in academic disputation
scholarly person: a learned person; someone who by long study has gained mastery in one or more disciplines

Other hypernyms of schoolman include bookman, scholar.

schoolman (noun)	scholarly person (noun)
a scholar who is skilled in academic disputation	a learned person; someone who by long study has gained mastery in one or more disciplines