shortage vs shortfall

shortage and shortfall both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
shortage	Yes	No	No	No
shortfall	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, shortage and shortfall are synonyms defined as:

shortage and shortfall: the property of being an amount by which something is less than expected or required

Other synonyms of shortage include deficit.

shortage (noun)	shortfall (noun)
the property of being an amount by which something is less than expected or required	the property of being an amount by which something is less than expected or required
an acute insufficiency