sixteenth note vs musical note

sixteenth note and musical note both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
sixteenth note	Yes	No	No	No
musical note	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, musical note is a hypernym of sixteenth note; that is, musical note is a word with a broader meaning than sixteenth note:

sixteenth note: a musical note having the time value of a sixteenth of a whole note
musical note: a notation representing the pitch and duration of a musical sound

Other hypernyms of sixteenth note include note, tone.

sixteenth note (noun)	musical note (noun)
a musical note having the time value of a sixteenth of a whole note	a notation representing the pitch and duration of a musical sound