sleeve vs short sleeve

sleeve and short sleeve both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
sleeve	Yes	No	No	No
short sleeve	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, short sleeve is a hyponym of sleeve; that is, short sleeve is a word with a more specific, narrower meaning than sleeve:

sleeve: the part of a garment that is attached at the armhole and that provides a cloth covering for the arm
short sleeve: a sleeve extending from the shoulder to the elbow

Other hyponyms of sleeve include dolman sleeve, long sleeve, raglan sleeve, shirtsleeve.

sleeve (noun)	short sleeve (noun)
the part of a garment that is attached at the armhole and that provides a cloth covering for the arm	a sleeve extending from the shoulder to the elbow
small case into which an object fits