soiling vs maculation

soiling and maculation both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
soiling	Yes	No	No	No
maculation	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, maculation is a hyponym of soiling; that is, maculation is a word with a more specific, narrower meaning than soiling:

Other hyponyms of soiling include spotting, staining, contamination, pollution.

soiling (noun)	maculation (noun)
the act of soiling something	the act of spotting or staining something
	a small contrasting part of something