sparid fish vs percoid

sparid fish and percoid both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
sparid fish	Yes	No	No	No
percoid	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, percoid is a hypernym of sparid fish; that is, percoid is a word with a broader meaning than sparid fish:

sparid fish: spiny-finned food fishes of warm waters having well-developed teeth
percoid: any of numerous spiny-finned fishes of the order Perciformes

Other hypernyms of sparid fish include percoid fish, percoidean.

sparid fish (noun)	percoid (noun)
spiny-finned food fishes of warm waters having well-developed teeth	any of numerous spiny-finned fishes of the order Perciformes