speaking vs recitation

speaking and recitation both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
speaking	Yes	Yes	No	No
recitation	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, recitation is a hyponym of speaking; that is, recitation is a word with a more specific, narrower meaning than speaking:

speaking: delivering an address to a public audience
recitation: a public instance of reciting or repeating (from memory) something prepared in advance

Other hyponyms of speaking include reading, recital, debate, disputation, public debate.

speaking (noun)	recitation (noun)
delivering an address to a public audience	systematic training by multiple repetitions
the utterance of intelligible speech	a regularly scheduled session as part of a course of study
	a public instance of reciting or repeating (from memory) something prepared in advance
	written matter that is recited from memory

speaking (adjective)	recitation (adjective)
capable of or involving speech or speaking
capable of speech