student residence vs quarters

student residence and quarters both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
student residence	Yes	No	No	No
quarters	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, quarters is a hypernym of student residence; that is, quarters is a word with a broader meaning than student residence:

student residence: a college or university building containing living quarters for students
quarters: housing available for people to live in

Other hypernyms of student residence include building, edifice, living quarters.

student residence (noun)	quarters (noun)
a college or university building containing living quarters for students	housing available for people to live in