substantiate vs prove

substantiate and prove both are verbs.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
substantiate	No	No	Yes	No
prove	No	No	Yes	No

As verbs, prove is a hyponym of substantiate; that is, prove is a word with a more specific, narrower meaning than substantiate:

substantiate: establish or strengthen as with new evidence or facts
prove: establish the validity of something, as by an example, explanation or experiment

Other hyponyms of substantiate include back, back up, vouch, verify, demonstrate, establish, shew, show, document, validate.

substantiate (verb)	prove (verb)
solidify, firm, or strengthen	establish the validity of something, as by an example, explanation or experiment
establish or strengthen as with new evidence or facts	obtain probate of
make real or concrete; give reality or substance to	prove formally; demonstrate by a mathematical, formal proof
represent in bodily form	provide evidence for
	take a trial impression of
	cause to puff up with a leaven
	increase in volume
	put to the test, as for its quality, or give experimental use to
	be shown or be found to be