time vs second

time and second both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
time	Yes	No	Yes	No
second	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes

As nouns, second is a hyponym of time; that is, second is a word with a more specific, narrower meaning than time:

time: an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities)
second: an indefinitely short time

Other hyponyms of time include day, dead, hard times, incarnation, wee, patch, piece, spell, while, bit, minute, mo, moment, ephemera, space age.

As nouns, second is a hypernym of time; that is, second is a word with a broader meaning than time:

Other hypernyms of time include instant, minute, moment.

time (noun)	second (noun)
the continuum of experience in which events pass from the future through the present to the past	the fielding position of the player on a baseball team who is stationed near the second of the bases in the infield
rhythm as given by division into parts of equal duration	the gear that has the second lowest forward gear ratio in the gear box of a motor vehicle
an instance or single occasion for some event	merchandise that has imperfections; usually sold at a reduced price without the brand name
a person's experience on a particular occasion	a speech seconding a motion
an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities)	the official attendant of a contestant in a duel or boxing match
the period of time a prisoner is imprisoned	a 60th part of a minute of arc
a reading of a point in time as given by a clock	following the first in an ordering or series
the fourth coordinate that is required (along with three spatial dimensions) to specify a physical event	1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites
a period of time considered as a resource under your control and sufficient to accomplish something	an indefinitely short time
a suitable moment	a particular point in time

time (adjective)	second (adjective)
	a part or voice or instrument or orchestra section lower in pitch than or subordinate to the first
	coming next after the first in position in space or time or degree or magnitude

time (verb)	second (verb)
measure the time or duration of an event or action or the person who performs an action in a certain period of time	give support or one's approval to
regulate or set the time of	transfer an employee to a different, temporary assignment
adjust so that a force is applied and an action occurs at the desired time
assign a time for an activity or event
set the speed, duration, or execution of

time (adverb)	second (adverb)
	in the second place