vegetable patch vs garden

vegetable patch and garden both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
vegetable patch	Yes	No	No	No
garden	Yes	Yes	Yes	No

As nouns, garden is a hypernym of vegetable patch; that is, garden is a word with a broader meaning than vegetable patch:

vegetable patch (noun)	garden (noun)
a small garden where vegetables are grown	a plot of ground where plants are cultivated
	a yard or lawn adjoining a house
	the flowers or vegetables or fruits or herbs that are cultivated in a garden

vegetable patch (adjective)	garden (adjective)
	the usual or familiar type

vegetable patch (verb)	garden (verb)
	work in the garden