vertebra vs bone

vertebra and bone both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
vertebra	Yes	No	No	No
bone	Yes	Yes	Yes	No

As nouns, bone is a hypernym of vertebra; that is, bone is a word with a broader meaning than vertebra:

Other hypernyms of vertebra include os.

vertebra (noun)	bone (noun)
one of the bony segments of the spinal column	a shade of white the color of bleached bones
	rigid connective tissue that makes up the skeleton of vertebrates
	the porous calcified substance from which bones are made

vertebra (adjective)	bone (adjective)
	consisting of or made up of bone

vertebra (verb)	bone (verb)
	remove the bones from
	study intensively, as before an exam