washing vs laundering

washing and laundering both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
washing	Yes	No	No	No
laundering	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, laundering is a hyponym of washing; that is, laundering is a word with a more specific, narrower meaning than washing:

Other hyponyms of washing include bathing, washup, ablution, dishwashing, washup, washing-up, window-washing, rinse, soak, soaking.

washing (noun)	laundering (noun)
the work of cleansing (usually with soap and water)	washing clothes and bed linens
garments or white goods that can be cleaned by laundering