wife vs woman

wife and woman both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
wife	Yes	No	No	No
woman	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, woman is a hypernym of wife; that is, woman is a word with a broader meaning than wife:

Other hypernyms of wife include better half, married person, mate, partner, spouse, adult female.

wife (noun)	woman (noun)
a married woman; a man's partner in marriage	women as a class
	an adult female person (as opposed to a man)
	a female person who plays a significant role (wife or mistress or girlfriend) in the life of a particular man