Vitis vinifera vs grape vine

Vitis vinifera and grape vine both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
Vitis vinifera	Yes	No	No	No
grape vine	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, grape vine is a hypernym of Vitis vinifera; that is, grape vine is a word with a broader meaning than Vitis vinifera:

Vitis vinifera: common European grape cultivated in many varieties; chief source of Old World wine and table grapes
grape vine: any of numerous woody vines of genus Vitis bearing clusters of edible berries

Other hypernyms of Vitis vinifera include grape, grapevine.

Vitis vinifera (noun)	grape vine (noun)
common European grape cultivated in many varieties; chief source of Old World wine and table grapes	any of numerous woody vines of genus Vitis bearing clusters of edible berries