ale vs white beer

ale and white beer both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
ale	Yes	No	No	No
white beer	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, white beer is a hyponym of ale; that is, white beer is a word with a more specific, narrower meaning than ale:

ale: a general name for beer made with a top fermenting yeast; in some of the United States an ale is (by law) a brew of more than 4% alcohol by volume
white beer: a general name for beers made from wheat by top fermentation; usually very pale and cloudy and effervescent

Other hyponyms of ale include Weissbier, wheat beer, bitter, Burton, pale ale, porter's beer, porter, stout.

ale (noun)	white beer (noun)
a general name for beer made with a top fermenting yeast; in some of the United States an ale is (by law) a brew of more than 4% alcohol by volume	a general name for beers made from wheat by top fermentation; usually very pale and cloudy and effervescent