apportion vs ration

apportion is not a noun while ration is a noun.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
apportion	No	No	Yes	No
ration	Yes	No	Yes	No

As verbs, ration is a hyponym of apportion; that is, ration is a word with a more specific, narrower meaning than apportion:

apportion: distribute according to a plan or set apart for a special purpose
ration: distribute in rations, as in the army

Other hyponyms of apportion include reallocate, reapportion, ration out, award, present.

apportion (noun)	ration (noun)
	the food allowance for one day (especially for service personnel)
	a fixed portion that is allotted (especially in times of scarcity)

apportion (verb)	ration (verb)
give out as one's portion or share	distribute in rations, as in the army
distribute according to a plan or set apart for a special purpose	restrict the consumption of a relatively scarce commodity, as during war