argue vs discourse

argue is not a noun while discourse is a noun.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
argue	No	No	Yes	No
discourse	Yes	No	Yes	No

As verbs, discourse is a hypernym of argue; that is, discourse is a word with a broader meaning than argue:

Other hypernyms of argue include converse.

argue (noun)	discourse (noun)
	an extended communication (often interactive) dealing with some particular topic
	extended verbal expression in speech or writing
	an address of a religious nature (usually delivered during a church service)

argue (verb)	discourse (verb)
have an argument about something	talk at length and formally about a topic
give evidence of	carry on a conversation
present reasons and arguments	to consider or examine in speech or writing