argue vs debate

argue is not a noun while debate is a noun.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
argue	No	No	Yes	No
debate	Yes	No	Yes	No

As verbs, argue and debate are synonyms defined as:

Other synonyms of argue include contend, fence.

argue (noun)	debate (noun)
	the formal presentation of a stated proposition and the opposition to it (usually followed by a vote)
	a discussion in which reasons are advanced for and against some proposition or proposal

argue (verb)	debate (verb)
have an argument about something	argue with one another
give evidence of	discuss the pros and cons of an issue
present reasons and arguments	have an argument about something
	think about carefully; weigh