badness vs evil

badness and evil both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
badness	Yes	No	No	No
evil	Yes	Yes	No	No

As nouns, evil is a hyponym of badness; that is, evil is a word with a more specific, narrower meaning than badness:

badness: that which is below standard or expectations as of ethics or decency
evil: the quality of being morally wrong in principle or practice

Other hyponyms of badness include unworthiness, evilness, undesirability, worse, unsoundness, liability, inadvisability.

badness (noun)	evil (noun)
that which is below standard or expectations as of ethics or decency	morally objectionable behavior
used of the degree of something undesirable e.g. pain or weather	the quality of being morally wrong in principle or practice
an attribute of mischievous children

badness (adjective)	evil (adjective)
	morally bad or wrong
	having or exerting a malignant influence
	having the nature of vice