ball-breaker vs adult female

ball-breaker and adult female both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
ball-breaker	Yes	No	No	No
adult female	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, adult female is a hypernym of ball-breaker; that is, adult female is a word with a broader meaning than ball-breaker:

Other hypernyms of ball-breaker include woman.

ball-breaker (noun)	adult female (noun)
a job or situation that is demanding and arduous and punishing	an adult female person (as opposed to a man)
a demanding woman who destroys men's confidence