brachial artery vs arteria

brachial artery and arteria both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
brachial artery	Yes	No	No	No
arteria	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, arteria is a hypernym of brachial artery; that is, arteria is a word with a broader meaning than brachial artery:

brachial artery: the main artery of the upper arm; a continuation of the axillary artery; bifurcates into the radial and ulnar arteries at the elbow
arteria: a blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to the body

Other hypernyms of brachial artery include arterial blood vessel, artery.

brachial artery (noun)	arteria (noun)
the main artery of the upper arm; a continuation of the axillary artery; bifurcates into the radial and ulnar arteries at the elbow	a blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to the body