colored vs Negro

colored and Negro both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
colored	Yes	Yes	No	No
Negro	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, Negro is a hypernym of colored; that is, Negro is a word with a broader meaning than colored:

colored: a United States term for Blacks that is now considered offensive
Negro: a person with African ancestry, "Negro" and "Negroid" are archaic and pejorative today

Other hypernyms of colored include African-American, Black, Negroid, Black person, blackamoor.

colored (noun)	Negro (noun)
a United States term for Blacks that is now considered offensive	a person with African ancestry, "Negro" and "Negroid" are archaic and pejorative today

colored (adjective)	Negro (adjective)
having color or a certain color; sometimes used in combination
(used of color) artificially produced; not natural
having skin rich in melanin pigments;
favoring one person or side over another