disaster vs adversity

disaster and adversity both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
disaster	Yes	No	No	No
adversity	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, adversity is a hypernym of disaster; that is, adversity is a word with a broader meaning than disaster:

Other hypernyms of disaster include hard knocks, hardship.

disaster (noun)	adversity (noun)
an act that has disastrous consequences	a stroke of ill fortune; a calamitous event
an event resulting in great loss and misfortune	a state of misfortune or affliction
a state of extreme (usually irremediable) ruin and misfortune