disaster vs misfortune

disaster and misfortune both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
disaster	Yes	No	No	No
misfortune	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, misfortune is a hypernym of disaster; that is, misfortune is a word with a broader meaning than disaster:

disaster: an event resulting in great loss and misfortune
misfortune: unnecessary and unforeseen trouble resulting from an unfortunate event

Other hypernyms of disaster include bad luck.

disaster (noun)	misfortune (noun)
an act that has disastrous consequences	unnecessary and unforeseen trouble resulting from an unfortunate event
an event resulting in great loss and misfortune	an unfortunate state resulting from unfavorable outcomes
a state of extreme (usually irremediable) ruin and misfortune